Teacher Of English : Conjunctions:

The conjunction is a joining word.

A conjunction is a word that joins together words, phrases, and clauses.

Kinds of conjunctions:
There are three kinds of conjunctions.

1-Co-ordinate:
And, But, Yet/As yet/till now/by now/so far, So, Yet/still/however/even then/ then also, Or, For/as/because/since, Nor , also, still, else or otherwise.

And: (اور )

Jawad and Kareem are brothers.
Boys and girls are playing cricket in the garden.
Nabila and Sajal are beautiful girls.
He likes to sing and dance.
I should buy mangoes and grapes.
Give this pen and take that pen.
I like baryani and fish.
He and I are singing a song.
Kashaf blew the candles and cut the cake at the birthday.
Salma and Sema are English teachers.
We have two mobile and both of them do not work.

But: ( لیکن )

They are poor but honest.
He wants to go out, but none of his friends are available.
Apricots are sweet but pomegranates are sour.
She is ill but she is working in the kitchen.
I hit the ball but dropped the bat.
Saleem came to my house but did not eat the lunch.
We can meet on Friday but we can't meet on Saturday.
I have eaten food but I am still hungry.

But:

They were not scolded but beaten.
That is not television but LEd.
She is not fool but wise.
This is not shopner but a reaser.

But:

She can see anything happening but she can't see he crying or She can see anything happening but he crying.
We can go anywhere but we can't go his home or We can go anywhere but his home.
He can do anything but he can't beat you or He can do anything but beat you.
We can buy everything but we can't buy banana or We can buy everything but banana.

Yet / As yet / Till now / By now / So far: (ابھی تک )

Tariq is not married yet.
Tariq is not married as yet.
Tariq is not married till now.
Tariq is not married by now.
Tariq is not married so far.
We have not seen her yet.
We have not seen her as yet.
We have not seen her till now.
We have not seen her by now.
We have not seen her so far.
what is the score so for?
what is the score yet?
what is the score as yet?
what is the score till now?
what is the score by now?
They haven't reached office yet.
They haven't reached office as yet.
They haven't reached office so far.
They haven't reached office till now.
They haven't reached office by now.
I haven't eaten burger till now.
I haven't eaten burger by now.
I haven't eaten burger so far.
I haven't eaten burger yet.
I haven't eaten burger as yet.

Yet / Still / However / Then also / Even then: ( پھر بھی , تب بھی )

We ran fast yet we came last.
We ran fast still we came last.
We ran fast however we came last.
We ran fast then also we came last.
We ran fast even then we came last.
You were unwell, yet you worked.
You were unwell, still you worked.
You were unwell, however you worked.
You were unwell, then also you worked.
You were unwell, even then you worked.
He didn't study anything yet he passed the exams.
He didn't study anything still he passed the exams.
He didn't study anything however he passed the exams.
He didn't study anything then also he passed the exams.
He didn't study anything even then he passed the exams.
We are poor, yet we will try.
We are poor, still we will try.
We are poor, however we will try.
We are poor, then also we will try.
We are poor, even then we will try.
He has a lot of money, yet he doesn't buy expensive things.
He has a lot of money, still he doesn't buy expensive things.
He has a lot of money, however he doesn't buy expensive things.
He has a lot of money, then also he doesn't buy expensive things.
He has a lot of money, even then he doesn't buy expensive things.
They are illiterate, yet they behave well.
They are illiterate, still they behave well.
They are illiterate, however they behave well.
They are illiterate, then also they behave well.
They are illiterate, even then they behave well.

So: ( + sentences )

I come so does he.
She told so did I.
you asked so did he.
He wants to go so do I.
She can say so can I.
you could go so could I.

So: تو

It did not rain last night, so we went for a log walk.
I was hungry so I ate food.

Or: ( یا )

Would you like tea or coffee?
Does he have any brothers or sisters?
Are you closer to your mother or to your father?
Which do you like better, jamuns or plums?
I think, he met the president or vice president of the company.
They can go to Saudi Arab or Turkey.
We shall eat pizza or burger.

For / As / Because / Since: کیونکہ

For: ( For is used at the beginning of the sentences and middle of the sentences. ) ( , is used before for and So in the sentences.)

I took some water, for I was thirsty.
He didn't come to the office yesterday , for he was feeling sick.
She was crying , for she failed her exams.
For he was unwell , so he didn't come.
He didn't come, for he was unwell.

As: ( As is used at the beginning of the sentences and middle of the sentences. ) ( , is used before so and as in the sentences. )

As he was unwell , so he didn't come.

He didn't come, as he was unwell.

Because: ( Because is used at the middle of the sentences. )

He didn't come because he was unwell.

Since : ( Since is used at the beginning of the sentences. ) ( , is used before so in the sentences. )

Since he was unwell, so he didn't come.

Nor: (نہیں)

We can not whistle nor can we sing.
She doesn't have a family nor does have a house.
She is not my friend , nor does she want to be.
Asad will not listen to me, nor will be listen to you.
He doesn't like coffee nor does he like tea.
He doesn't study nor does he take notes in class.

Also: ( بھی )( Also is used before verb and after helping verb ) ( also is used in + sentence)

He is also good student.
I am also coming.
He is also going.
She is also working.

Still:( پھر بھی , تب بھی

We ran fast still we came last.
You were unwell, still you worked.
He didn't study anything still he passed the exams.
We are poor, still we will try.
He has a lot of money, still he doesn't buy expensive things.
They are illiterate, still they behave well.

Still\Even Now:

Still is used after the helping

Verb and just before the verb.whereas '' even now " is used at the beginning and end of the sentences.

Even is not often used in interrogative sentences.

I am still working.

I am working , even now.

Even now , I am working.

He still goes University.

He goes University , even now.

Even now , he goes University.

She is still praying for you.

She is praying for you , even now.

Even now , she is praying for you.

He still comes.

He comes even now.

Even now he comes.

Otherwise / or Else: ( ورنہ )

Run fast, otherwise / or else we shall not reach in time.
Don't go , otherwise , or else mother will scold you.
Run fast, otherwise / or else you can't go at home.
We shall work hard , otherwise / or else we shall fail.
Write the correct address , otherwise / or else courier can go somewhere else.
She will work hard , otherwise / or else she will fail.
Do practice of math , otherwise / or else you will forget math.

2-Correlative:

Both....And, Neither....Nor, Either....Or, So....As,
Not only....But also, Though....Yet/ Although.....Yet/ Even though / Even if , Whether....Or,
No sooner....Than, Hardly....When, Scarcely....When,

Rather.......than, Such......As.

Neither....Nor:

Neither he nor I went to university.
I will neither go to canada nor Rushia.
They can neither write nor read.
Neither you go nor let me go.
Neither Salman nor Fasail attended the class.
I like neither black nor red.
Neither she nor her mother is here.
Neither Asad will go nor I will.
We eat neither mulberries nor pears.
Neither Noman nor Babar is hardworking.
You are neither nice nor good.
Neither you are wrong nor she is.
They neither work nor study.
Asad will neither go nor come.
He likes neither rice nor cereal.
Neither you , nor he is wrong.

Either---Or:

Either she or I should go.
They will go either Canada or Rushia.
Asad will either go or come.
Either he or his brother is guilty.
We either walk or drive.
Either you or I am at fault.
I want to take admission either in k.u or jinnah uni.
He is either in office or bank.
Either you will go or I will.
She will either cook or clean.
I shall either work or study now.
Either you or she is wrong.
We shall take either tea or juice.
Either you go or let me go.
He either works or studies.
Either you are wrong or she is.

Both---And:

Both my cousin and my best friend like biryani.

Both sana and Sara went to the same University.

Both Ali and Raza have come today in my house.

Both Mifzal And Mekaal went to School.

Not only---But also:

She is not only intelligent but also fond of reading.
He is not only cleaver but also bad.
They are not only intelligent but also hardworking.
I am not only busy but also in difficult.
We are not only able but also courageous.
You are not only young but also healthy.
She is not only wise but also virtuous.
I am not only sad but also unrest.
She is not only fastidious but also witty.
He is not only indolent but also shirker.
This dry fruit is not only sweet but also delicious.

Hardly -- When: ( مشکل سے --- جب )

He had hardly written a letter, when the postman came.
They had hardly reached home when It began to rain.
I had hardly reached school when the bell rang.
You had hardly gone when I came home.
She had hardly poured out tea, when girls took out cake.
We had hardly stepped out of our home when the rain stopped.
I had hardly slept when Papa called me.

Scarcely -- When:

He had scarcely written a letter, when the postman came.
They had scarcely reached home when It began to rain.
I had scarcely reached school when the bell rang.
You had scarcely gone when I came home.
She had scarcely poured out tea, when girls took out cake.
We had scarcely stepped out of our home when the rain stopped.
I had scarcely slept when Papa called me.

No sooner--Than: ( جیسے ہی -- علاوہ )

No sooner does the rat see the cat than he runs into his hole.
No sooner do I eat food than I start feeling thirsty.
No sooner did she see a peach than her mouth watered.
No sooner had she seen a peach than her mouth watered.

Rather--Than: ( بلکہ -- علاوہ )

We would rather speak English than Urdu.
They would rather die of starvation than begging.
They would rather go to karachi than lahore.
He would rather accept death than obedience.
You would rather take rest than to do work.
He would rather resign than take bribery.
I would rather leave school than apologising.
She would rather submit resignation than apologising.
I would rather accept death than telling a lie.

Although / though / even though / even if:

Although--Yet: ( اگرچہ -- اس کے باوجود )

Although we are poor, yet we are generous.
Although they are my neighbour, yet we are not on speaking terms.
Although he distrubed me, yet I forgave him.
Although you are proud, yet you are very kind to me.
Although I am old, yet I am strong.

Though--Yet: ( اگرچہ -- اس کے باوجود )

Though he is weak, yet he works.

Though they are rich, yet they are miser.
Though she is poor, yet she is honest.
Though I am ill, yet I am studying.
Though we are quite now, yet we are very clever.
Though it is raining yet, you are going outside.

Even though:

Even though you are illiterate, yet you behave well.

Even thouth he distrubed me, yet I forgave him.

Even though I am ill, yet I am studying.

Even if:

Even if you are illiterate, yet you behave well.

Even if he distrubed me, yet I forgave him.

Even if I am ill, yet I am studying.

Whether....Or: چاہے

Whether Mifzal plays or not Afan should play.

Whether she goes or not , I will go.

Whether he comes or not , I will come.

Whether Fara will become a doctor or not , I will become a doctor in future.

Whether Sara sleeps or not , I am going to sleep.

Whether: یا

We can't say , whether she will work or not.

I didn't know , whether he would go or not.

She doesn't know , whether you come here or elsewhere.

He can't say , whether you will play or not.

You don't know , whether I will do shopping or not.

So---As:

She is not so beautiful as sara

He is not so cleaver as Ali.

I am not so fool as you.

You are not so intelligent as he.

Such....As:

She gave such answer as required.

Such a boy as this is an awful bore.

He gave such response as deserved.

She is a such good woman as never tells lies.

She is a such good woman that everyone likes her.

As Well As:

I as well as you am hardworking.
She as well as I is playing game.
We as well as he are busy.
They as well as I are going to canada.
You as well as I are true.
He as well as you is proud.

As well as: ساتھ ساتھ

They are rich as well as kind.

She is poor as well as honest.

She is my sister as well as the best friend.

He is my brother as well as the best friend.

She is a cricketer as well as footballer.

I am teacher as well as freelancer worker.

3-Sub-ordinate:
Kinds of Sub-ordinate conjunction

1-Time:

When:

When are you coming.

When are you going.

When is he inviting at Dinner.

when will you buy a new laptop.

Before:

I turn light off before I leave my room.

Before I leave my room, I turn light off.

He reached home before it started rain.

Before it started rain, he reached home.

I reached at office before it started rain.

Before It started rain , I reached at office.

After: ( بعد میں )

I took the loan from bank after I started the business.

We shall go after 20 minutes.

He will come after 5 minutes.

While: ( جب )

She will do her homework while you watch t.v.
Everyday we take dinner while watching the drama.
I listen the songs while I am on the bus.
He read the newspaper while he was on the airplane.

Until:

I will do this work until 7 O'clock.

I studied until 11 p.m.

I see her until last month.

Please stay here until next week.

Till:

I will do this work till 7 O'clock.

I studied till 11 p.m.

I did not see her till last month.

Let us work till 2 O'clock.

Since: (Since is used at beginning of the sentences.)

Sience he was unwell , so he didn't come.

Since I am ill, so I can't go.

Since She is busy, so she should not go with us.

As Soon As: ( جیسے ہی ) / the moment:

As soon as the teacher enters the class, the students keep quiet.
We eat food, as soon as we go home.
As soon as we enter our class rooms, we begin to read.
As soon as he goes to Frank coaching centre, he begins to teach.
You go to do shopping in the mall, as soon as you come to karachi.
As soon as she came, he left.
As soon as you get home, you will call me.
As soon as I learnt my lesson, the bell rang.
Come house , the moment mammy goes.
It began to rain, as soon as Headmaster went out the office.
Leave , as soon as possible.
As soon as we reached home, they began to weep.
As soon as she went home, she cooked meal.
As soon as they came , I left.
The moment you came , I left.
They began to cry, as soon as they read this sad news.
As soon as he lost his job, he found another one.
The moment she knew that he was no more , she started weeping.

As Long As: ( جب تک )

As log as she doesn't work hard, she won't pass.
You can borrow my car, as log as you are careful with it.
As log as you don't forgive me, I shall not go from here.
As log as Nilofer cyclone doesn't come, people will go to the sea.
We can stay in this apartment, as log as we pay the rent.
As log as he doesn't run fast, he will not win.
As log as it does't rain, they will go to the beach tomorrow.

2-Reason:

As:

As she was not there, I spoke to her sister.

As he was out, I left a message.

This Project is successful as he works very hard.

Because:

You shouldn't go to school because you are ill.
I like football because it is our national game.
He ate four bananas because he was very hungry.
I believe him because he is honest.
Today we can't play outside because it is raining.
I left early because I was feeling earache.
Because of the noise of the generator we can't hear anything right now.

For:

For he was unwell, so he didn't come.

He was unwell For he didn't come.

For she was unwell, so she didn't go.

She was unwell For she didn't go.

I took some food for I was very hungry.

For I took some Food , I was Very hungry .

Since:

Since we had not been exercising lately we had gained weight.
Since, He did not work, he will not get share.
since I can't go to school, I

should take online classes.

Adil loves her since she is beautiful.

3-Condition:
If: ( اگر )

If he works hard he will succeed.
If you had run fast, you would have caught the thief.
If you had bought book, we would have read this.
If I work hard I shall pass.
If he had worked hard he would have passed.
If I were in your place, I would have surely replied him.
If she does not return your book, demand the price.
If he had not helped me in time I would have been ruined.
If she helps me, I shall succeed.
If we go to Lahore, we shall bring gifts for you.
If you eat simple food, you will not fall ill.
We can't say if they will play.
I don't know if she come here.

We can't say whether they will play.
I don't know whether she come here.

Provided\providing: جب / تب پر

I will come , providing Asad doesn't come.

Papa will go , providing Hafeez doesn't go.

Zain works , providing Aslam doesn't work.

I will give him money , provided he does my work.

Hira comes home , providing Asad doesn't here.

I will meet him tomorrow , provided he promises me that he will not ask about Afan and Mifzal.

In case:

Provided That:

I will meet him tomorrow , provided he promises me that he will not ask about Afan and Mifzal.

I will play him tomorrow Provided he promises me that he will not play with Mifzal and Afan.

Unless: ( جب تک نہ )

Unless he speaks the truth, I will not forgive him.
You can't succeed unless you obey your parents.
Unless she goes with me, I shall not go.
Unless you keep quite, I will turn you out.
I can't speak English unless I learn English.
Unless we run, we can't catch the train.
Unless you agree, I shall not leave you.
We can't go unless they come.

4-Purpose:

That:

We know that they will go.

He knows that I will bake cake.

She had said that she would become a doctor.

He said that he would come.

We know that they will come in your marriage.

I know that he wants to take some money from me.

She knows that I will go.

So That: ( تاکہ )

She works hard so that she may win a scholarship.
Speak a bit loudly so that I may listen you.
Run fast so that you may not miss the train.

Should:

Whether:

Whether: یا

We can't say , whether she will work or not.

I didn't know , whether he would go or not.

She doesn't know , whether you come here or elsewhere.

He can't say , whether you will play or not.

You don't know , whether I will do shopping or not.

Lest: ( ایسا نہ ہو )

They don't work hard lest they should fail.
We run fast lest we should miss the train.
Take care of your health lest you should fall ill.
Write answers carefully lest you should fail.
He doesn't study from concentration lest he should fail.
She doesn't walk carefully lest she should fall down.

5-Effect:
So--That:

He is so duffer that he cannot do this sum.
They are so uneducated that they cannot write.
I am so weak that I cannot walk.
You are so uneducated that you cannot read.
She is so sick that she cannot stand.
We are so poor that we cannot purchase home.

Too -- To:

He is too duffer to do this sum.
They are too uneducated to write.
I am too weak to walk.
You are too uneducated to read.
She is too sick to stand.
We are too poor to purchase home.

6-Comparison:
As....As:

As tall as Aaad.
As big as his binglow.
As short as Nosheen.
As intelligent as you are.
As cute as he was.
I am as tall as you.
He is as short as Thamour.
This pen is not as old as her pen.
As you are beautiful as Noreen.
As Mifzal beautiful as Mekael.
Can she sing as good as you can?
I am not as clever as you are.
He is as young as my brother.
Is he as old as I am.
He is not as rich as I am.
Honey is not as mad as Ateeb is.
You are not as intelligent as I am.
He is as young as my brother.
Asad is as tall as Ali.
She is as black as coal.
Sana is as beautiful as her sister.
You are as clever as I am.

I am as beautiful as her sister.
You are as brave as I am.
You are not as intelligent as I am.
I am not as clever as you are.

So....As:

You are not so intelligent as I am.

Sara is not so beautiful as sana.

This is not so green as grass.

He is not so stupid as Ali.

He is not so brave as kamran.

As much....As:

Akhter has as much milk as Ali.

Sara has as much gold as Sana.

l have as much rice as her.

l have as much sugar as kamran.

I have as much oil as jibran.

I have as much gold as sara.

l have as much money as Asad.

I have as much rice as saba.

As many As

I have as many pens as saba.

I have as many sons as sana.

I have as many shirts as Bushra.

He has as many cars as Kamran.

No less....than:

I have had no less than a dozen job offers.

l have had no less than half dozen prize from school teacher.

It takes no less than four minutes to reach my house.

Than:

Asad is taller than Ali.

English is easier than mathametics.

Sana is more beautiful than saba.

7-Manner:
As far As: ( جہاں تک )

As far as I know, she is foolish girl.
As far as we knew, she is married.
As far as we knew, she has a beautiful girl.
As far as I know, he is wilful boy.
As far as I know, you are true.
As far as I know, I am confident girl.
As far as we knew, she has three children.
As far as my study is concern, I am Master in English in linguistics.
As far as I know, they are rich.
As far as I know, we are brave.
As far as my brother is concern, he is Bs in computer science.
As far as I know, she is very intelligent girl.
As far as my family is concerned, I have only one brother.
As far as I knew he is a clever man.

As: جیسے

As you wise.

As he wishes

As you say.

As he says

As you feel like.

As he feels like.

As your mother likes.

I am working as a teacher.

I am working as a freelancer.

As a teacher its my duty.

As a police man its his duty.

As....So:

As you sow, so shall you reap.

As you do, you get.

As you do, you will get.

8-Place:
Where:(کہا) ( جہاں )

This is the house where my brother lives.

This is the hospital where I was born.

This is the cinema where I saw the movie Donkey King.

I will go Karachi where my Parents live.

Wherever: ( جہاں کہیں بھی )

Wherever she wants to go, she can.

Wherever he wants to go, he can.

Wherever we lived, our landlords were very decent.

Wherever we live, our landlords are very nice.

Wherever she goes, she will find me there.

Wherever he goes, he will find me there.

Whence: ( کہاں ) (جہاں )

Keep book whence you brought.

Please this book return to the shop whence you bought this.

We know whence he comes.

We know whence he goes.

Return whence you is coming.

Return whence I am coming.

Whither: ( کہاں ) ( جہاں )

Whither you are going?

Whither he is going?

Whither she is going?

Whither they are going?

I don't know, whither you live.

I don't know, whither he lives.

I don't know, whither she lives.

I don't know, whither they live.

9-Concession:
Though:

Though I was feeling sleepy, I went out with friends.

Though we are busy, we have time for you.

Though he is single, he is not ready to marry yet.

Although:

Although I was feeling sleepy, I went out with friends

Although we are busy, we have time for you.

although he is single, he is not ready to marry yet.

However: ( جسے بھی )

( In any way at all )

They should solve this problem, however they can.

He should solve this sum, however he can.

However we behave with her, she will not feel bad.

However we behave with them, they will not feel bad.

However ( لیکن پھر بھی )

( Then also )

I have viral this Vedio on this Lecture. However, I think I should explain it a little more in detail.

This drama is viral on this episode. However, we feel we should explain it a little more in detail.

However ( جتنا بھی )

( To any extent at all )

However he wants to play there, go and play.

However she wants to eat pizza, go and eat pizza.

However you want to apply for job, go and apply for job.

However difficult it is to learn physics, I will win over it.

However difficult it is to bake cake. I will win over it.

Even though:

Even though it is a major accident, We don't get any injury.

Even though we eat very little ,we are getting fat.

Even though we eat a lot of things, we are losing weight.

What ever: جو کچھ بھی

( Anything at all )

Whatever she has, is mine.

Whatever she said, is not true.

Whatever he said, is true.

Give us whatever she has.

Take it whatever I have.

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